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<![endif]-->
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span
style="color:red">Düşünmeliyiz!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:
"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095">Bu
gezegen Üzerinde
gelmiş geçmiş uygarlıklar arasında, bilimin İslam ülkelerinde
en zayıf olduğu konusunda
güümüzde her hangi bir kuşku yoktur. İçinde bulunduğumuz
çağda, bir toplumun onurlu
bir şekilde ayakta durması, doğrudan doğruya onun bilim ve
teknolojideki gücüne
dayandığına göre, bu zayıflığın tehlikeleri ne kadar
vurgulansa azdır.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:right;
line-height:150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"
align="right"><span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095">Prof.Dr.Muhammed
Abdusselam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:right;
line-height:150%" align="right"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095">1979 yılı Nobel Fizik Ödüllü<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:right;
line-height:150%" align="right"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";
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150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095;color:red">Sayın Uluğ
Çapar’ın iletisi için
bir not:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
SFRM1095">Batılı oryantalistler, İslâm’ın altın çağını 8-12.yy
olarak
niteliyor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:
150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
SFRM1095">Hristiyanlıktaki gibi İslâm’da da bir reform olması
gerektiğine inanan islam bilginlei var
olagelmiştir; ama bu günlerde onların sesi gür çıkmıyor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095">“İslamlığın
erken dönemlerinden başlayarak, kadercilerle özgür iradenin
savunucuları sonu
gelmez tartışmaların içine düştüler. Aristoteles’in mantık
kurallarıyla donanan
ve aklın özgürlüğünü savunan "Kadariler" insanın, önünde duran
bir
cok seçenekten istediğini seçebileceğini, Kur’andaki bazı
ayetlerle
savunuyorlardı. Bu doktrin açıkca kaderciliğe karşıdır ve aynı
zamanda politik
iceriklidir. Çünkü, bu doktrin "zalim" nitelemesini
yapıştırdıkları
Emevi yönetiminin, toplumun kaderi imiş gibi kabul
edilemeyeceği anlamını özünde
taşıyordu. Bu olgu, adaletsizliğe karşı isyan hakkını içinde
barındıran
devrimci bir İslam anlayışıdır. Bu anlayışın karşısında
"Cebriye"
denilen bir mezhep oluştu. Aslında Cebriye üç ayrı mezhepten
oluşur: Cahmiye,
Naccariye ve Zirariye. Cebriye mezhebinin mensupları her
olayın tanrının
emriyle olduğuna inanan katı kadercilerdi. Emeviler, kendi
egemenliklerini tehdit
eder gördükleri için, özgür iradenin savunucuları olan
Kadarilere büyük darbe
indirdiler ve liderleri olan Ma’bed Cuhani’nin kafasını
ucurdular. Büyük baskı
altında kalmasına rağmen, Kadari doktrini ortadan
kaldırılamadı, zamanla Mu’tezilecilik
(sıra dışılık) hareketine dönüştü. Sekizinci yüzyılın
başlarında Vasil İbn Ata
Mu’tezilecilik okulunu kurdu. Cebriye mezhebinin katı
köktenciliğine karşı
duran Mu’tezilecilik, İslamda inancla aklı bağdaştırmayı
amaçlayan bir doktrin
olarak varlığını hep sürdüregelmiştir. Özellikle Abbasiler
döneminde etkili
oldular. Bu düşünce akımının kapsadığı alanların ne denli
geniş ve özgür olduğunu
gösteren aşağıdaki orneği vermek uygun olacaktır. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095">Mu’tezileci
doktrin, mantığın vahiy kadar önemli olduğunu savunarak, akli
bilgi ile vahyi
bilgi’nin uyuşmazlık gösterdiği yerlerde, Ku’rana güncel yorum
getirerek akli bilgiyi
öne çıkaran pratikler geliştirmişti. Elbette karşı görüş, bu
pratiği kutsal
kitaba saygısızlık olarak yorumluyordu. Mu’tezile doktrini
bunu şu zekice düşünceyle
savuşturuyordu: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095">Ku’ran
ezeli değildir, Tanrı tarafından yaratılmıştır. Eğer Ku’ran
ezeli ise; yani onu
Tanrı yaratmadıysa, ezeli Ku’anı yaratan başka bir Tanrı
olmalıdır. Böyle olması
Tanrı’nın birliğine aykırıdır. Bir başka dayanakları da şuydu:
Ku’ran Musa’nın
sözlerini iceriyor. Musa dünyevi bir yaratıktır. Ezelden gelen
bir kitap,
sonradan gelen birinin sözlerini nasıl içerebilir? <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:
"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095">Günümüzde
çoğu
ilahiyatçının dillendirmeye cesaret edemeyeceği bu tartışmanın
özünde yatan şey
şudur: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:
"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095">-
Mukaddes kitap
ezeli değildir; o halde ayetler çağın koşullarına göre
yorumlanabilir.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:
"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:
"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095">:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><b
style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095;color:red">Galileo’dan özür
dileme:</span></b><span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095;
color:red"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095">“9
Mayıs 1983 günü özel bir törende Papa II. John Paul
Galileo’nun engizisyon
mahkemesinde yargılanıp omur boyu evinde mahkum edilmesi icin
özür sayılan bir
mesajı yayınlamıştır”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:
justify;line-height:150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095;
color:red"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><b
style="mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal"><span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
SFRM1095;color:red">Arwin’den özür dileme:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:
"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:
"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095">“Darwin’i
aforoz
etmiş olan Anglikan kilisesi, onun doğumunun 200-üncü yılı
bağlamında Eylül
2008 tarihinde bir mesaj yayınlayarak ondan özür diledi.” <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:
"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
150%;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-family:
"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:SFRM1095;color:#0070C0">Kaynak:
</span><span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:
SFRM1095">İslam Ülkelerinde Bilimin Gerileyişi- T.Karaçay- <span
style="color:#0070C0">[Kitabın mevcudu kalmamıştır.]</span></span><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman","serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</p>
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