[Turkmath:5087] pazar sohbetim olsun: "E=mc^2 is 'wrong'..! Really?"

Sun Aug 15 05:44:14 UTC 2021

Nov 29, 2017
Fermilab
Why E=mc² is wrong
The most famous equation in all of science is
Einstein’s E = mc2,
but it is also frequently horribly misunderstood and misused.
In this video, Fermilab’s Dr. Don Lincoln explains
the real truth about this equation and
how people often use it wrong.
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eOCKNH0zaho

Adamın son sözü:    *"Physics is everything"*
biz neden herşeyi bırakıp fizik okuduk sanıyorsunuz?
ama bugün içinde bunca aklı başında, eğitimli, donanımlı insanların olduğu
80 milyonluk toplumumuzu idare edenler diyor ki: *"öyle olmaaaaz..!
öncelikle iman... yapın bütün okulları  hatip imam..!"*
aya gidiyoruz aya.. ayın zaptı yakın.
yeni "milli" eğitim bakanımız hayırlı olur memlekete vatana millete
inşallah.
memlekette demorgrasi var, seçilmişlere lafım olamaz, "adam kazanmış.."
ama va'mı muhalefet denenleri görenleriniz etrafta?

The following is for Vedat Batu who thinks STR is wrong, therefore GTR too.
Ben diyorum: matematik fizikte sadece bir alet, ona hükümdar olamaz!
yardımcı olur.
Maalesef  evreni anlamakta başka da aletimiz yok. Biyoloji için o da yok!
yeter göksu ya teşekkürlerimle:
şu videoda 3.30 da fizikte matematik konusunda Oppenheimer in dediklerine
dikkat!
This World and the Universe | Steven Weinberg
<https://youtu.be/Gnk0rnBQrR0>

Bakın Dünya ve Evren konusunda "*
<https://www.canertaslaman.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/AllahFelsefeveBilim_13.08.2012.pdf>yaradan
<https://www.canertaslaman.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/AllahFelsefeveBilim_13.08.2012.pdf>*"a
sığınanlar da çok iddialılar...
tavsiyem onlarla muhatap olmayın, uzak durun!  kazanamazsınız!
bam başka bir arena orası, bilim insanı iseniz sakın oralara ayak basmayın!
bir sınıf arkadaşım stüdyoyu terketmekte buldu kurtuluşu, yerinde bir
hareketti.
bir söz vardır *"deliye laf anlatılamaz"..*
yanlış anlaşılmasın sakın, haşa, hümme haşaaa,
"*yaradan*" cılara veya STR a inanmayanlara "*deli*" demedim,
bilakis çok "zeki" ler,
sadece arenalarımız farklı demek istedim!
bulaşmayın!
hatta birisi var ki (enis doko) odtü den benimle aynı sıralardan
wallahi bravo, bir de üstüne felsefe yapmış,
ben anlamam felsefeden, belki farklılığımızın bundandır..!?
buyrun şimdi şuradan devam edelim:

nist : national institute of standards and technology

Einstein Was Right (Again): Experiments Confirm that E= mc2
December 21, 2005
*
https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2005/12/einstein-was-right-again-experiments-confirm-e-mc2

An instrument called GAMS4, originally designed and built at NIST and
now located at Institut Laue Langevin in France

An instrument called GAMS4, originally designed and built at NIST and
now located at Institut Laue Langevin in France, was used in
experiments that helped to confirm Einstein's famous equation E=mc2;.
GAMS4 measured the angle at which gamma rays are diffracted by two
identical crystals made of atoms separated by a known distance. The
two crystals are the dark gray rectangles on circular platforms in the
foreground and background of the photo.
Credit: Photo by Artechnique, Courtesy of ILL

GAITHERSBURG--Albert Einstein was correct in his prediction that
E=mc2, according to scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT),
the Commerce Department's National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST), and
the Institute Laue Langevin, Genoble, France (ILL)
who conducted the most precise direct test ever of what is perhaps
the most famous formula in science.

In experiments described in the Dec. 22, 2005, issue of Nature,*
the researchers added to a catalog of confirmations that
matter and energy are related in a precise way.
Specifically, energy (E) equals mass (m) times the square of the speed
of light (c2),
a prediction of Einstein's theory of special relativity.
By comparing NIST/ILL measurements of energy emitted by silicon and
sulfur atoms and MIT measurements of the mass of the same atoms,
the scientists found that
E differs from mc2 by at most 0.0000004, or four-tenths of 1 part in 1 million.
This result is "consistent with equality" and is 55 times more accurate than
the previous best direct test of Einstein's formula, according to the paper.

Such tests are important because special relativity is a central
principle of modern physics and the basis for many scientific
experiments as well as common instruments like the global positioning
system.
Other researchers have performed more complicated tests of special
relativity that imply closer agreement between
E and mc2 than the MIT/NIST/ILL work,
but additional assumptions are required to interpret their results,
making these previous tests arguably less direct.

The Nature paper describes two very different precision measurements,
one done at MIT by a group led by David Pritchard and
another done at the ILL by a NIST/ILL collaboration led by the late
physicist Richard Deslattes (NIST) and Hans Börner (ILL).
Deslattes and his collaborators developed methods
for using optical and X-ray interferometry-the study of interference
patterns created by electromagnetic waves-to precisely determine
the spacing of atoms in a silicon crystal, and
for using such calibrated crystals to measure and establish more
accurate standards for the very short wavelengths characteristic of
highly energetic X-ray and gamma ray radiation.
Börner and his collaborators were responsible for a highly successful
gamma-ray measurement program at the ILL.

According to the basic laws of physics, every wavelength of
electromagnetic radiation corresponds to a specific amount of energy.
The NIST/ILL team determined the value for energy
in the Einstein equation, E = mc2,
by carefully measuring the wavelength of gamma rays emitted by silicon
and sulfur atoms.

"This was Dick's original vision, that a comparison like this would
someday be made," said Scott Dewey, a NIST physicist who is a
co-author of the Nature paper. "The idea when he started working on
silicon was to use it as a yardstick to measure the wavelengths of
gamma rays, and use this in a test of special relativity. It took 30
years to realize his idea."

The MIT/NIST/ILL tests focused on a well-known process: When the
nucleus of an atom captures a neutron, energy is released as gamma ray
radiation.
The mass of the atom, which now has one extra neutron, is predicted to
equal the mass of the original atom, plus the mass of a solitary
neutron, minus a value called the neutron binding energy.
The neutron binding energy is equal to the energy given off as gamma
ray radiation, plus a small amount of energy released in the recoil
motion of the nucleus.

The gamma rays in this process have wavelengths of less than a
picometer, a million times smaller than visible light, and are
diffracted or bent by the atoms in the calibrated crystals at a
particular energy-dependent angle.
Using a well-known mathematical formula, scientists can combine these
angles with values for the crystal lattice spacing to determine the
energy contained in individual gamma ray particles.

In the experiments described in Nature, NIST/ILL scientists measured
the angle at which gamma rays are diffracted by crystals with known
lattice spacings at the ILL high flux reactor.
The ILL has the world's premier facility for colliding nuclei and
neutrons and capturing the resulting gamma rays at the same instant.
Accurate gamma-ray measurements are particularly challenging because
the diffraction angles are less than 0.1 degree.
The measurements were done using an instrument that was originally
designed and built at NIST.

The MIT team measured the mass numbers used in
the tests of Einstein's formula by placing two ions (electrically
charged atoms) of the same element, one with an extra neutron, in a
small electromagnetic trap. Scientists counted the revolutions per
second made by each ion around the magnetic field lines within the
trap.
The difference between these frequencies can be used to determine the
masses of the ions.
The experiment was performed with both silicon and sulfur ions.
The novel two-ion technique virtually eliminates the effect of many
sources of "noise," such as magnetic field fluctuations, that reduce
measurement accuracy.
This work led to greatly improved values for the atomic masses of
silicon and sulfur.

The work was supported by NIST and the National Science Foundation.

As a non-regulatory agency of the Commerce Department's Technology
Administration,
NIST promotes U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness
by advancing measurement science, standards and technology in ways that
enhance economic security and improve our quality of life.

* S. Rainville, J.K. Thompson, E.G. Myers, J.M. Brown, M.S. Dewey,
E.G. Kessler Jr., R.D. Deslattes, H.G. Börner, M. Jentschel, P. Mutti,
D.E. Pritchard. 2005.
A direct test of E = mc2.
Nature. Dec. 22, 2005.

 Physics and Radiation

MEDIA CONTACT
Laura Ost
laura.ost at nist.gov
(303) 497-4880

Released December 21, 2005, Updated June 2, 2021
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